| 引用本文: | 迟静,李敏,王淑峰,吴杰.原位自生MC(M=Ti,V,Nb)与WC复合增强镍基涂层*[J].中国表面工程,2023,36(4):129~139 |
| CHI Jing,LI Min,WANG Shufeng,WU Jie.In-situ MC (M=Ti, V, Nb) and WC Composite Reinforcement Ni Based Coatings[J].China Surface Engineering,2023,36(4):129~139 |
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| 原位自生MC(M=Ti,V,Nb)与WC复合增强镍基涂层* |
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迟静, 李敏, 王淑峰, 吴杰
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山东科技大学材料科学与工程学院 青岛 266590
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| 摘要: |
| WC 沉底现象使 WC 涂层表面易于磨损，为提高其耐磨损性能须改善涂层增强相的分布不均。采用等离子熔覆技术快速制备复合碳化物增强涂层，对比研究不同原位自生碳化物 TiC、VC 和 NbC 对 WC / Ni 涂层物相组成、微观组织和干滑动摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：利用 MC（M=Ti, V, Nb）与 WC 的密度差异，实现了涂层中碳化物颗粒增强相的均匀分布。 与 Nb 不同，Ti 和 V 参与未熔 WC 周边凝固组织的形成，使其形貌由矩形块状分别转变为弥散环绕颗粒和放射状圆润柱晶。 原位自生 MC 中固溶 W 生成(M, W)C，当 M 为 Ti、V 或 Nb 时，分别呈现出八面体、球状和四方柱 3 种不同的晶体形态。碳化物增强 Ni 基涂层的磨损体积比基材 Q235 的大幅减小；MC 与 WC 复合增强涂层的耐磨性优于 WC 单一增强涂层，增强颗粒呈球状的原位自生 VC 对 WC / Ni 涂层耐磨性能的提升效果最佳。利用不同碳化物之间的密度互补，制备出增强相均匀分布的原位自生 MC 与 WC 复合增强涂层，获得涂层耐磨损性能的提高。 |
| 关键词: 涂层 碳化钨(WC) MC 微观组织 摩擦磨损 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007?9289.20220707001 |
| 分类号:TB331 |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金（ZR2014EMM009）；山东科技大学公派访问学者资助项目 |
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| In-situ MC (M=Ti, V, Nb) and WC Composite Reinforcement Ni Based Coatings |
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CHI Jing, LI Min, WANG Shufeng, WU Jie
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College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Wear is one of the primary failure modes of metallic components. The preparation of wear-resistant coatings on the surfaces of parts using advanced surface-treatment technology can effectively prolong their service life, which has scientific research significance and engineering application value. Owing to its large specific gravity, WC can easily sink to the bottom of a WC coating. This sinking phenomenon of WC significantly reduces the wear resistance of the upper part of the coating. By compounding different types of carbides, the distribution of the reinforcing phase in the coating becomes uniform, and the coating performance can be improved. In this study, composite carbide-reinforced coatings were rapidly prepared using plasma cladding. The effects of different in-situ carbides (TiC, VC, and NbC) on the phase composition, microstructure, dry sliding friction, and wear properties of WC / Ni coatings were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and multi-functional friction and wear testing. The results showed that, because Ti, Nb, and V are strong carbide-forming elements, MC (M=Ti, V, or Nb) was formed through an in-situ reaction during plasma cladding, and nickel-based coatings reinforced by MC and WC were obtained, in which M6C was also generated. Owing to the significant difference in the specific gravities of MC and WC, a uniform distribution of carbide reinforcement particles in the coatings was achieved. WC, with the larger specific gravity, was distributed at the bottom of the coatings, whereas MC, with the lower specific gravity, was dispersed in the upper part of the coatings. The WC particles were partially dissolved in the coatings, and rectangular block structures grew around the unmelted WC, which were M6C carbides formed by W, Cr, Ni, and other metal atoms, and C. After Nb, Ti, or V was added to the coatings, the Ti or V atoms entered the solidified structures around the unmelted WC particles, resulting in their morphologies changing from rectangular blocks to dispersed surrounding particles and radial round columnar crystals. In contrast, the addition of Nb had no significant effect on the composition and morphology of the rectangular bulk structure around the unmelted WC. In the MC–WC / Ni coatings, MC crystallized and grew via different nucleation methods. VC grew through spontaneous nucleation and heteroepitaxy, with WC as the core, whereas TiC and NbC grew only through spontaneous nucleation, and heteroepitaxial growth around WC was not observed. (M, W)C was formed because of the solid solution of W in the in-situ MC. Under the plasma cladding process conditions, the change in the solid solution of W in (M, W)C was very small, although M represented three different metal elements. When M was Ti, V, or Nb, all MC composites had a B1 (NaCl) structure, but because of the change in melting point, MC crystals were not in the same growth stages during melt solidification; therefore, their micro-morphologies differed from each other, that is, octahedral, spherical, and tetragonal columns, respectively. The friction coefficients and wear volumes of the carbide-reinforced Ni-based coatings were significantly lower than those of Q235. The wear resistance of the MC and WC composite-reinforced coatings was better than that of the WC single-reinforced coating, and pits and peeling layers were the main surface wear morphologies of the MC–WC / Ni coatings. The effect of spherical in-situ VC particles on improving the wear resistance of WC / Ni coating was the best, and its wear-resistance mechanism was such that the plowing of the grinding ball was resisted by carbide-reinforced particles, the tendency of stress-induced cracks was reduced by spherical VC-reinforced particles, and crack growth was inhibited by the solution strengthening of γ-Ni. Based on the specific gravity discrepancy between different carbides, in-situ MC and WC composite-strengthened coatings with uniformly distributed strengthening phases were prepared, and the wear resistance of the coatings was improved. |
| Key words: coating WC MC microstructure friction and wear |
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