| 引用本文: | 卢金鹏,张念武,王政伟,张哲浩,邵明昊,李杨,何永勇.2Cr13钢离子渗氮和WCrAlTiSiN离子镀复合处理及电化学行为[J].中国表面工程,2024,37(1):137~147 |
| LU Jinpeng,ZHANG Nianwu,WANG Zhengwei,ZHANG Zhehao,SHAO Minghao,LI Yang,HE Yongyong.Electrochemical Behavior of 2Cr13 Steels by Duplex Treatment of Plasma Nitriding and WCrAlTiSiN Ion Plating[J].China Surface Engineering,2024,37(1):137~147 |
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| 2Cr13钢离子渗氮和WCrAlTiSiN离子镀复合处理及电化学行为 |
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卢金鹏1, 张念武2, 王政伟1, 张哲浩3, 邵明昊4, 李杨1, 何永勇3
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1.烟台大学核装备与核工程学院 烟台 264005;2.中国船级社青岛分社 青岛 266072;3.清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室 北京 100084;4.烟台大学机电汽车工程学院 烟台 264005
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| 摘要: |
| 马氏体不锈钢的常规表面改性方法基本局限在单一化学热处理或镀膜，对表面性能的提升有限。对 2Cr13 不锈钢进行离子渗氮与多弧离子镀 WCrAlTiSiN 纳米多层涂层复合强化处理，研究其在天然海水环境中的耐腐蚀性能。采用不同的表面强化工艺，即未处理（Untreated）、低温渗氮处理（LPN）、高温渗氮处理（HPN）、单一镀膜处理（Coating）、低温渗氮+镀膜处理（LPN+C）和高温渗氮+镀膜处理（HPN+C）。采用 X 射线衍射、光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜和维氏硬度计对不同样品的组织结构、化学成分和硬度等进行表征。采用电化学阻抗法和动态电位极化法对 2Cr13 在天然黄海海水中的电化学行为进行测试。试验结果表明：WCrAlTiSiN 涂层可在一定程度上提升腐蚀性能，但是溶液中的 Cl? 通过较薄单一涂层的缺陷侵入基体。LPN 样品因渗氮层的存在提升了一定的耐腐蚀性能，而 HPN 样品因为渗氮温度过高而导致 CrN 大量析出，使得样品表面出现“贫 Cr”现象，耐腐蚀性能下降。复合处理样品的渗氮层-WCrAlTiSiN 涂层可形成保护屏障，有效阻止电荷转移和电流从阳极流向阴极，提高 2Cr13 钢在海水环境中的耐腐蚀性能。通过离子渗氮-多弧离子镀 WCrAlTiSiN 纳米涂层复合强化方法可有效提升马氏体不锈钢在海水中的耐腐蚀性能。 |
| 关键词: 氮化物涂层 离子渗氮 多弧离子镀 显微硬度 电化学腐蚀 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007-9289.20221005002 |
| 分类号:TG174；TG115 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52175192） |
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| Electrochemical Behavior of 2Cr13 Steels by Duplex Treatment of Plasma Nitriding and WCrAlTiSiN Ion Plating |
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LU Jinpeng1, ZHANG Nianwu2, WANG Zhengwei1, ZHANG Zhehao3, SHAO Minghao4, LI Yang1, HE Yongyong3
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1.School of Nuclear Equipment and Nuclear Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005 , China;2.China Classification Society Qingdao Branch, Qingdao 266072 , China;3.State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 , China;4.School of Electromechanical Automobile Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005 , China
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| Abstract: |
| The poor corrosion resistance of 2Cr13 steel significantly affects its service life in marine environments, such as petrochemical, naval, and ocean engineering. Currently, strengthening methods for martensitic stainless steel are mainly limited to a single chemical heat treatment or coating, and there is relatively little research on composite treatment processes, especially nitriding and nano-multilayer coating. Plasma nitriding and multi-arc ion plating (WCrAlTiSiN multilayer coating) were used for the composite strengthening of 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel, and its corrosion resistance in the natural Yellow Seawater environment was studied. 2Cr13 was subjected to ion nitriding using an LDMC-20F pulsed glow discharge ion-nitriding furnace. The sample was placed on the cathode of a nitriding furnace, and the internal pressure of the furnace was reduced to 10 Pa. The voltage was adjusted to 750 V with a duty cycle of 73%, and the temperature was adjusted to 440 or 480℃. The internal NH3 pressure was maintained at 350 Pa, and the sample was heat-treated for 5 h. Untreated, “LPN, and HPN” samples were deposited with (W, Cr, Al, Ti, Si)N multilayer coatings using an industrial HCCE-280 cathodic arc evaporation system. Three W (99.99%), three Cr (99.99%), one Al-Ti-Si, and one Al-Ti alloy targets were selected. The current parameters for each target were adjusted according to the desired deposition rate. A very thin Cr bonding layer was deposited on the polished surface of the sample in an argon atmosphere, followed by the deposition of a CrN transition layer in a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently, in a mixed atmosphere of argon and nitrogen, a CrTiAlSiN layer was deposited on three Cr, one Al-Ti, and one Al-Ti-Si targets. Finally, multiple nanoscale WCrAlTiN layers were prepared as the outermost layer using programmed alternating deposition of WCrAlTiN and CrWAlTiN layers enriched with W and Cr, respectively. The structure, chemical composition, and hardness of the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Vickers hardness testing. The results show that the nitrided sample is mainly composed of ε-Fe2-3N, γ’-Fe4N, and αN phases. The surface of the LPN and the HPN samples formed hardened layers of 50 and 90 μm thicknesses, respectively. The WCrAlTiN coating, with a thickness of 2.3 μm, was composed of CrN, W2N, TiN, and AlN phases. The surface hardness of the untreated sample was low and could not provide sufficient support, leading to an unsatisfactory hardness of the coated sample. After the composite treatment, the surface hardness of 2Cr13 steel increased from approximately 250 HV0.1 to 2 100 HV0.1. The electrochemical behavior of 2Cr13 in natural Yellow Seawater was tested using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization. The results show that all samples exhibited a single equivalent circuit in the EIS spectra. Compared to the other samples, the “LPN+C” sample exhibited excellent corrosion resistance. Compared to the untreated sample, the Ecorr value of the LPN+C sample increased from ?6.54×10?1 V to ?4.79×10?1 V, the Icorr value and corrosion rate decreased by a single order of magnitude, while Rct increased by a single order of magnitude. The nitrided layer and WCrAlTiSiN coating can formed a protective barrier, effectively blocking charge transfer and current flow from anode to cathode. this improved the corrosion resistance of 2Cr13 steel in seawater. The composite reinforcement method of ion nitriding and multi-arc ion plating with nanocoating can effectively enhance the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel, particularly in seawater environments, thereby extending the service life of martensitic stainless-steel parts in marine applications. |
| Key words: nitrided coating plasma nitriding multi-arc ion plating microhardness electrochemical corrosion |
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