| 引用本文: | 王慧鑫,刘建龙,王青华,霍连飞,柏宗春.超疏水表面高效制备方法及其在养殖工程中的应用[J].中国表面工程,2023,36(5):248~261 |
| WANG Huixin,LIU Jianlong,WANG Qinghua,HUO Lianfei,BAI Zongchun.High-efficiency Fabrication Method for Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Investigation of Applications in Cultivation Engineering[J].China Surface Engineering,2023,36(5):248~261 |
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| 摘要: |
| 目前规模养殖业中养殖舍内灰尘、皮屑、粪污沾染问题严重，严重影响了环境清洁与动物健康。金属超疏水表面由于具有的特殊性质，有望成为改善养殖环境的重要手段。以鸭羽表面结构为仿生原型，以不锈钢为基底材料，利用激光加工方法制备仿生结构，同时利用低温硅油-热处理方法改变表面化学。最后通过超景深显微镜、SEM、XPS、接触角测量仪等对表面的理化性质进行测试。结果表明，通过表面结构与化学的双重影响，制备后的表面获得较好的超疏水性（接触角 156.8°， 滚动角 2.7°），表面的自清洁性获得大幅提升，同时表面粪污粘附情况得到明显优化。通过激光-硅油热处理工艺，加工效率与经济性相比于传统超疏水表面制备方法得到显著提升，且制备过程清洁环保，可为仿生超疏水功能表面在养殖工程中的应用提供重要支持。 |
| 关键词: 养殖工程 表面工程 激光加工 超疏水性 自清洁性 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007?9289.20220902002 |
| 分类号:TN249；TB17 |
| 基金项目: |
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| High-efficiency Fabrication Method for Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Investigation of Applications in Cultivation Engineering |
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WANG Huixin1, LIU Jianlong1, WANG Qinghua2, HUO Lianfei1, BAI Zongchun1
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1.Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014 , China;2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 , China
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| Abstract: |
| After years of upgrading, the animal feeding industry is advancing toward large-scale production, modernization, and specialization, with the use of many advanced technologies. Due to their special surface functionalities, superhydrophobic metallic surfaces can effectively resolve issues of dust, dander, and dung adhesion and contamination in the animal house, ensuring a clean feeding environment and animal health. In recent years, laser surface-texturing has been widely used for fabrication of superhydrophobic metallic surfaces. However, post-process treatments including long storage time in air, heat treatment, and chemical immersion are required to achieve wettability transition from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity, and can be time-consuming or toxic. Thus, a cost-effective, time-efficient, and health-friendly laser-based method for fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces must be developed. In this study, laser surface-texturing experiments used a laser marking machine equipped with a 355-nm UV laser source. The laser-textured bionic surfaces were treated by dripping a mixed solution consisting of isopropyl alcohol and silicone oil on a hot plate at 100 oC for 10 minutes. The surface topography and chemical compositions of the laser-textured bionic surfaces were examined using a 3-D digital microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The contact angle of the laser-textured bionic surfaces was evaluated using a contact-angle goniometer equipped with a high-resolution CMOS camera. Self-cleaning, anti-fouling, and long-term stability of the laser-textured bionic surface were also evaluated. There were several key findings in this study: (1) Laser surface-texturing can effectively fabricate bionic surfaces with periodically arrayed surface micro / nanostructures. This dual-scale surface structure with high surface roughness ensures that silicone oil can firmly adhere to the surface, enhancing the long-term stability of the fabricated superhydrophobic surface. (2) The surface chemistry analysis shows that laser-texturing oxidizes the surface in ambient air. With silicone-oil dripping and heat treatment, the Si peak can be detected by XPS analysis, indicating that a thin PDMS layer has been deposited onto the laser-textured bionic surface. The low surface energy of the PDMS layer is the key for the wettability transition of the laser-textured bionic surface. (3) The contact-angle measurement shows that the untreated surface is intrinsically hydrophilic. Immediately after laser-texturing, the bionic surface becomes superhydrophilic with a saturated Wenzel regime. After silicone-oil dripping and heat treatment, the laser-textured bionic surface becomes superhydrophobic. (4) The fabricated bionic surface exhibits a good self-cleaning property, efficiently removing the powder from the surface. Duck feces adhesion was significantly reduced on the fabricated bionic surface. The fabricated bionic surface exhibits good long-term durability based on abrasion tests. (5) Compared with traditional post-process treatment methods, the developed method significantly shortens the treatment duration, lowers the production cost, and can be used in diverse applications. In conclusion, an innovative laser-based fabrication technique that combines laser surface-texturing, silicone-oil dripping, and heat treatment was developed to fabricate a bionic surface with superhydrophobicity. The fabricated surface consists of multi-scale micro / nanostructures. The XPS measurement results confirm the deposition of chemical functional groups with low surface energy on the surface. With dual effects on surface structure and surface chemistry, the fabricated surface exhibits remarkable superhydrophobicity, good self-cleaning and anti-fouling, and long-term durability. The developed laser-based hybrid processing technique significantly increases processing efficiency and economy compared with conventional fabrication techniques for superhydrophobic surfaces, and can provide insight for application of bionic superhydrophobic functional surfaces in cultivation engineering. |
| Key words: cultivation engineering surface engineering laser processing superhydrophobic self-cleaning |
