| 引用本文: | 严明龙,吴赛君,赵文杰.席夫碱基抗菌防污材料:结构设计、制备、性质与机制[J].中国表面工程,2024,37(6):401~427 |
| YAN Minglong,WU Saijun,ZHAO Wenjie.Schiff Base-based Antibacterial and Antifouling Materials: Structural Design, Preparation, Properties and Mechanism[J].China Surface Engineering,2024,37(6):401~427 |
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| 席夫碱基抗菌防污材料:结构设计、制备、性质与机制 |
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严明龙，吴赛君，赵文杰
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中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所海洋关键材料重点实验室 宁波 315201
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| 摘要: |
| 微生物在工程装备、医疗设备及生活物品上的粘附生长为设备高效安全运行和人民生命健康带来了沉重负担，是亟需解决的重大问题。近年来，席夫碱、席夫碱金属配合物和聚席夫碱等席夫碱基材料因其独特的结构特征和物化性质而备受关注，尤其是其展现出的抗菌、抗真菌和防污等生物活性有望在生物医药、工业和海洋等各个领域广泛应用，但针对席夫碱基抗菌防污材料的研究进展尚缺乏系统综述。简要回顾席夫碱基材料的发展历史，总结包括传统合成法和绿色合成法（超声波辅助合成、微波辐照法、研磨法和水溶剂法）制备席夫碱基材料的合成方法，分析席夫碱动力学上的不稳定性衍生出的独特化学特征（包括本征自愈性、可回收性、刺激响应性、水降解性和环保性等），尤其强调它们在医药材料、海洋防污等抗菌防污材料方面的研究进展和应用前景。指出相关研究在机理揭示、材料高效制备和应用等方面的共性科学问题，进一步提出席夫碱基抗菌防污材料的未来发展方向，相关内容可为化学、材料、海洋防污等领域的研究人员和专业人士提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 席夫碱 配合物 医用材料 抗菌 防污涂层 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007-9289.20231229006 |
| 分类号:TQ465；TQ628；TQ572 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52103133）；浙江省重点研发项目（2023C03013） |
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| Schiff Base-based Antibacterial and Antifouling Materials: Structural Design, Preparation, Properties and Mechanism |
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YAN Minglong，WU Saijun，ZHAO Wenjie
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Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 , China
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| Abstract: |
| The adhesion and growth of organisms on engineering equipment, medical devices, and household items necessitates the efficient and safe operation of equipment and the health of the human population, which is a challenge that needs urgent solutions. Schiff base-based materials, such as Schiff bases, Schiff base metal complexes, and poly-Schiff bases, have attracted significant attention because of their unique structural features and physicochemical properties, particularly their proven antibacterial, antifungal, and antifouling activities. These materials are expected to have a wide range of applications in various fields, such as biomedicine, industry, and marine science. Schiff base compounds were first discovered approximately 160 years ago by Hugo Schiff, a German chemist, and are formed through the dehydration and condensation of aldehydes or ketones (carbonyl compounds) with amines. Methods have been developed to synthesize Schiff bases through the addition of phenols / phenol ethers or organometallic reagents to nitriles and the conversion of olefins into ketoimines. Chemical reactions of conventional Schiff bases are typically conducted in organic solvents under mild conditions and are easy to perform. However, this method requires large amounts of organic solvents, catalysts, and energy, which are prone to environmental hazards. In recent years, the green synthesis method for Schiff base materials, which can achieve efficient and precise energy use, has become a research hotspot and the main future development direction. It mainly includes ultrasound-assisted synthesis, microwave irradiation, grinding, and water-solvent methods. Schiff bases are kinetically unstable; this instability, combined with their recoverability, gives them unique inherent properties. By grafting or embedding this type of linkage into the polymer chain segments, materials can be made to share the same bonding characteristics while possessing a number of outstanding properties that are unavailable in individual structural units, particularly intrinsic self-healing, recyclability, stimulus-responsiveness, water-degradability, and eco-friendliness. Schiff base-based organics include a wide range of antimicrobial and antifouling materials that exhibit good sensitivity and inhibition of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae. Its main possible antimicrobial and antifouling mechanisms include the following. ①Schiff base compounds and their degradation products damage the integrity, permeability, and selectivity of the cell membrane and wall, resulting in an imbalance of osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell and intracellular metabolic disorders, leading to cell death. ②Generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through oxidation results in the accumulation of intracellular ROS and cell death via oxidative senescence, thus inhibiting the growth and reproduction of pathogens. ③Schiff bases and their decompositions bind to essential components of microorganisms, such as proteins, enzymes, and DNA, destroying the integrity of the structure and function of the organism, thus causing antimicrobial and antifouling effects. In addition, the inhibitory and ant adhesion effects of Schiff base-based materials on bacteria and fungi are usually not explained by a single mechanism, but require a combination of multiple antimicrobial and antifouling mechanisms. Currently, Schiff base-based antimicrobial and antifouling materials fall into five main categories: Schiff bases and their metal complexes, Schiff base-based covalent organic frameworks, side-chain poly-Schiff bases, cross-linked poly-Schiff bases, and main-chain poly-Schiff bases. Schiff bases and their metal complexes are mainly small-molecule organics, which are used as biocides and antifouling agents in biomedicine and marine fouling protection and cannot be used alone as coatings or block materials. Schiff base-valent organic frameworks typically exhibit show micro-nanoparticle and lamellar structures, which are good carriers for ROS generation and can be used as functional fillers in block materials or coatings with good long-term antifouling ability. Side-chain and cross-linked poly-Schiff base materials with good biocompatibility are typically used as biomedical materials. Main-chain poly-Schiff base materials are important for marine antifouling materials because of their multifunctionality and eco-friendliness. This review paper briefly describes the history, chemical characteristics, and synthetic methods of Schiff base-based materials, with emphasis on their research progress and application prospects in antibacterial and antifouling materials. Common scientific issues in related research are highlighted, and future directions for the development of Schiff base-based antimicrobial and antifouling materials are proposed. This review is a reference for researchers and professionals in chemistry, materials, and marine antifouling. |
| Key words: Schiff base complexes biomedical materials antimicrobial antifouling coating |
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