| 引用本文: | 赵恩兰,彭玉兴,杨海峰,董妍,朱聪聪,刘昊.高锰钢的超声冲击强化和抗磨损机理*[J].中国表面工程,2023,36(3):152~159 |
| ZHAO Enlan,PENG Yuxing,YANG Haifeng,DONG Yan,ZHU Congcong,LIU Hao.Ultrasonic Shock Strengthening and Wear Mechanism of High Manganese Steel[J].China Surface Engineering,2023,36(3):152~159 |
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| 高锰钢的超声冲击强化和抗磨损机理* |
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赵恩兰1, 彭玉兴2, 杨海峰2, 董妍1, 朱聪聪2, 刘昊2
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1.徐州工程学院机电工程学院 徐州 221018;2.中国矿业大学机电工程学院 徐州 221116
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| 摘要: |
| 高锰钢优异的形变硬化行为使其在强冲击磨损工况下具有广泛的应用，但是在低应力磨损下高锰钢的硬化能力有待提高。为了提高高锰钢在低应力磨损下的力学性能，提出高锰钢表面的超声冲击强化方法。首先，采用超声冲击强化技术对高锰钢表面进行处理，并进行磨损试验，通过三维轮廓仪、XRD、SEM 和 EDS 等对显微组织、表面磨痕进行测试，研究超声冲击前后高锰钢表面的抗磨损性能。然后，通过维氏硬度计和 SEM 进行磨损前后亚表面维氏硬度测量和显微组织分析，揭示超声冲击高锰钢的形变硬化和抗磨损机理。研究发现，超声冲击高锰钢由于高应变率冲击和动态霍尔佩奇效应的双重作用， 获得较大的硬化效果，其硬度远高于磨损前后原始高锰钢。揭示了高锰钢的超声冲击强化和抗磨损机理，可为低应力磨损下高锰钢的超声硬化处理提供技术基础。 |
| 关键词: 超声冲击强化 高锰钢 孪晶 微观组织 磨损机理 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007?9289.20220726001 |
| 分类号:TH142;TG301 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52275224) |
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| Ultrasonic Shock Strengthening and Wear Mechanism of High Manganese Steel |
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ZHAO Enlan1, PENG Yuxing2, YANG Haifeng2, DONG Yan1, ZHU Congcong2, LIU Hao2
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1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018 , China;2.School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Due to the excellent deformation hardening behavior, high manganese steel(HMnS) is widely used under strong impact wear conditions. The surface hardness can be increased from approximately 200 HB after water toughening treatment to 500–800 HB after deformation. Meanwhile, the core maintains good toughness, suitable for applications in mining machinery, railway, metallurgy, building materials, and other fields. However, the hardening ability of HMnS requires improvement under low stress wear. In this paper, the ultrasonic shock strengthening method is proposed to improve the hardening ability of HMnS under low stress wear. First, the surface of HMnS was treated via ultrasonic shock strengthening technology. The maximum output amplitude of the ultrasonic shock strengthening device used in this work was 90 μm. The vibration frequency was 20 kHz, and the diameter of the vibrating head was 6 mm. The MPX-3X wear tester was employed to conduct the wear test on the surface of HMnS. The load was 50 N, the spindle speed was 300 r / min, the wear time was 60 min, the friction radius was 5 mm, and the diameter of the Al2O3 grinding ball was 6.35 mm. Vickers hardness measurement and microstructure analysis of the sub surface before and after wear were performed using a Vickers hardness tester and scanning electron microscopy. The load of Vickers hardness measurement was 0.3 kg, the holding time was 15 s, and the hardness was the average value of five measurements. Then, the wear tests on the surface of HMnS before and after ultrasonic shocking demonstrated the good wear resistance of HMnS; the depth of wear scar and the mass loss were 51.7% and 57.68% less than those for the original HMnS, respectively. The microstructure and surface wear marks were examined using a three-dimensional profiler, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry to study the wear resistance of the HMnS surface before and after ultrasonic shock strengthening. As a result, only microplastic deformation and small flake delamination wear were observed on the surface of the wear scar. Finally, the wear resistance mechanism of ultrasonically shocked HMnS (US-HMnS) was revealed through measurements of the microstructure and Vickers hardness of the worn sub surface. When the HMnS was subjected to ultrasonic shocking, with propagation of stress wave from the surface to the interior, the HMnS undergoes plastic deformation from the surface to the interior, and deformation twins were continuously formed. At the frequency up to 20 kHz, high-density twins and secondary twins were formed below the surface of the HMnS, so that the HMnS had twin hardening. In addition, deformation twins continue to form, dividing the grains into several small areas, which leads to the accumulation of dislocations at the grain boundary, near the twin boundary and in the grains, greatly improving the dislocation density of the HMnS microstructure, increasing the hardening degree of the HMnS, and realizing dislocation strengthening. Grain refinement on material surface is also a typical phenomenon of ultrasonic shocking, and grain refinement strengthening is the mechanism of ultrasonic shock strengthening. Therefore, grain refinement, the high-density twin, and dislocation accumulation in the deformation process of HMnS produce a high hardening effect. Thus, ultrasonic shock strengthening technology is helpful to improve the hardening ability of HMnS under low stress wear conditions, to improve its wear resistance. |
| Key words: ultrasonic shock strengthening high manganese steel( HMnS) twins microstructure wear mechanism |
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