激光熔覆FeCrSi<sub>x</sub>NiCoC涂层高温耐磨性能

马汝成; 贵永亮; 龙海洋; 马文有; 李福海; 邓朝阳; 闫星辰

引用本文:	马汝成,贵永亮,龙海洋,马文有,李福海,邓朝阳,闫星辰.激光熔覆FeCrSi_xNiCoC涂层高温耐磨性能[J].中国表面工程,2023,36(1):179~188
	MA Rucheng,GUI Yongliang,LONG Haiyang,MA Wenyou,LI Fuhai,DENG Zhaoyang,YAN Xingchen.Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding FeCrSi_xNiCoC Coating at High Temperature[J].China Surface Engineering,2023,36(1):179~188

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激光熔覆FeCrSi_xNiCoC涂层高温耐磨性能
马汝成^1,2, 贵永亮³, 龙海洋³, 马文有^1,2, 李福海^1,2, 邓朝阳^1,2, 闫星辰^1,2
1.广东省科学院新材料研究所广东省现代表面工程技术重点实验室广州 510650;2.现代材料表面工程技术国家工程实验室广州 510650;3.华北理工大学冶金与能源学院唐山 063210

摘要:

Si 含量对 Fe 基合金高温耐磨性能影响机理研究已有很多，但尚缺乏 Si 含量对 Fe 基涂层高温耐磨性能的研究。采用激光熔覆技术制备不同 Si 含量(5 wt.%、10 wt.%、15 wt.%)的 FeCrSi_xNiCoC 涂层，在温度为 500 ℃和载荷 200 N 的条件下，测试 FeCrSi_xNiCoC 涂层高温耐磨性能。结合 X 射线衍射仪(XRD)、金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)分析涂层显微组织、相组成和磨损机理。结果表明：随着 Si 含量增加，涂层中 γ-Fe 相(Si 以固溶方式存在于 γ-Fe 相中)向金属硅化物 Fe₃Si 相转变，显微组织也由树枝晶向等轴晶转变，涂层硬度由 312 ± 21.7 HV_0.5 增加至 588 ± 31.3HV_0.5。在温度 500 ℃和载荷 200 N 下的摩擦磨损试验中，Si 含量为 10%的涂层磨损率最低，高温耐磨性能最好，其磨损机理主要为黏着磨损和氧化磨损。通过优化 Fe 基合金中 Si 含量得到耐磨性能良好的涂层，可对该类涂层的开发、制备和应用提供一定的技术支持。

关键词: 激光熔覆技术 FeCrSi_xNiCoC 涂层微观组织高温磨损性能

DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007?9289.20220421002

分类号:TG174

基金项目:广东特支计划(2019BT02C629)、河北省杰出青年科学基金(E2019209473)、河北省高校百名优秀创新人才支持计划(III)(SLRC2019030)、河北省人才工程培养(A201905010)、广州市重点领域研发计划(202007020008)和广东省科学院发展专项资金(2022GDASZH-2022010107，2022GDASZH-2022010203-003)资助项目

Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding FeCrSi_xNiCoC Coating at High Temperature

MA Rucheng^1,2, GUI Yongliang³, LONG Haiyang³, MA Wenyou^1,2, LI Fuhai^1,2, DENG Zhaoyang^1,2, YAN Xingchen^1,2

1.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Surface Engineering Technology, Institute of New Materials,Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650 , China;2.National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology, Guangzhou 510650 , China;3.College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210 , China

Abstract:

Fe-based alloys are among the most important materials for engineering applications owing to their low cost and high hardness / strength, and wear and corrosion resistance. However, with the development of industry, the working conditions of mechanical parts have deteriorated. Therefore, it is essential to develop Fe-based alloy materials with enhanced wear and corrosion resistance, especially at high temperatures. The addition of alloying elements, such as Si, can significantly improve the high-temperature performance of Fe-based alloys. A typical example is high-silicon cast iron. Many studies have been conducted on the influence of the Si content on the high-temperature properties of Fe-based alloys. However, studies on the high-temperature properties of Fe-based repair coatings with Si content remain few. In this work, FeCrSi_xNiCoC coatings with different Si content (5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, and 15 wt.% Si, called Si5, Si10, and Si15, respectively) were prepared using laser cladding technology after a systematic study of laser parameters. The metallurgical bond, microstructure, phase, and hardness of the coatings were studied using X-ray diffraction, metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive analysis. The high-temperature wear resistance of FeCrSixNiCoC coatings was tested at 500 °C and a load of 200 N. The results show that the FeCrSi_xNiCoC coatings had no cracks and formed good metallurgical bonds with the substrate. With the increase in the Si content, the γ-Fe phase in the coating (Si exists in the γ-Fe phase as a solid solution) transformed into the metal silicide Fe₃Si phase, and the microstructure gradually changed from columnar dendrites to equiaxed grains. The hardness increased from 312 ± 21.7 HV_0.5 to 588 ± 31.3HV_0.5, which indicates that the increase in Si content has a significant impact on the phase, microstructure, and hardness of the coatings. In the friction and wear tests, the FeCrSi_xNiCoC coatings showed excellent high-temperature wear resistance, much better than that of the substrate. In addition, owing to the solid solution strengthening mechanism of Si addition, the Si₁₀ coating exhibited the best high-temperature wear resistance among the three samples, with a wear rate of 28 μg / m. The grinding debris consisted mainly of fine powder and irregularly shaped particles, indicating that the main wear mechanisms are adhesive and oxidation wear. The Si₁₅ coating contained a large amount of brittle phase Fe₃Si, and produced a significant amount of large debris during wear, resulting in a high wear rate. However, no black oxides were observed on the surface of the Si₁₅coating, indicating its resistance to high-temperature oxidation. Therefore, it can be inferred that the appropriate amount of Si can significantly improve the high-temperature wear resistance of the coating. When the Si content is too high, the brittleness significantly increased despite the improvement in hardness and high-temperature oxidation resistance, which eventually decreased the high-temperature wear resistance. Therefore, solving the brittleness problem caused by the addition of Si needs to be further explored. In this study, FeCrSi_xNiCoC coatings with good wear resistance were obtained by optimizing the Si content, which can provide technical support for the development, preparation, and application of such coatings.

Key words: laser cladding technology FeCrSi_xNiCoC coatings microstructure high temperature wear performance