引用本文:刘京， 李铸国， 姚成武.P20模具钢的双层回火激光熔覆修复技术[J].中国表面工程,2013,26(1):6~12
LIU Jing, LI Zhu-guo, YAO Cheng-wu.Dual-layer Temper Technique for Laser Cladding Repair of P20 Mold Steel[J].China Surface Engineering,2013,26(1):6~12
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P20模具钢的双层回火激光熔覆修复技术
刘京， 李铸国， 姚成武
上海交通大学 上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室， 上海 200240
摘要:
传统的焊接方法修复失效模具，易造成较大的热输入，导致热影响区性能恶化，需要进行后续高温回火热处理。利用双层回火激光熔覆修复技术，通过充分利用后道熔覆层对前道熔覆层的回火作用，可免去后续回火热处理步骤。采用3.5 kW半导体激光器对P20模具钢进行了双层回火熔覆，基于修正后的Higuchi模型确定了最优层间能量密度组合，利用光学显微镜和显微硬度仪表征了修复部位热影响区的微观组织和硬度分布。结果表明，P20模具钢最优的双层回火激光熔覆层间能量密度组合为5&10 kJ/cm2；采用该能量密度组合的双层回火激光熔覆修复工艺，可获得组织为均匀回火索氏体、平均硬度约400 HV的修复热影响区，其修复效果优于需要进行后续回火热处理的传统单层模具修复工艺。
关键词:  激光熔覆  模具修复  双层回火  热影响区  P20钢
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基金项目:科技部国际科技合作基金（2009DFB50350）
Dual-layer Temper Technique for Laser Cladding Repair of P20 Mold Steel
LIU Jing, LI Zhu-guo, YAO Cheng-wu
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240
Abstract:
Mold repair using conventional welding methods is likely to cause a large heat input, resulting in the deterioration of performance of the heat affected zone （HAZ） and the need for subsequent high-temperature heat treatment. This paper presents a dual-layer temper laser cladding repair technique, which can avoid subsequent hightemperature heat treatment by taking full advantage of the temper effect of the second layer against the first layer. Duallayer temper cladding repair was carried out on P20 steel plates using a diode laser of 3.5 kW. Interlayer power density combinations were determined by the modified Higuchi model. Optical microscope and microhardness tester were used to characterize the morphology, microstructure and hardness profile of the HAZ of the repair area. The results show that the optimal power density combination for duallayer temper laser cladding repair of P20 mold steel is 5 & 10 kJ/cm2. The duallayer temper laser cladding repair technique using this optimal power density combination can obtain a better repair effect than the traditional singlelayer repair technique that need subsequent heat treatment, and the microstructure of its repair HAZ is tempered sorbite and its hardness is approximately 400 HV.
Key words:  laser cladding  mold repair  duallayer temper  heat affected zone  P20 steel
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