引用本文:董文仲， 董文胜， 董文波， 董文祥， 董玉华.无刻蚀镀铁电沉积机理及综合性能[J].中国表面工程,2011,24(5):1~7
DONG Wen–zhong, DONG Wen–sheng, DONG Wen–bo, DONG Wen–xiang, DONG Yu–hua.Electrodeposition Mechanism and Comprehensive Performance of Iron Plating Without Etching[J].China Surface Engineering,2011,24(5):1~7
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无刻蚀镀铁电沉积机理及综合性能
董文仲， 董文胜， 董文波， 董文祥， 董玉华1,2,3,4
1. 大连海事大学董氏镀铁有限公司，大连 116026;2. 深圳海安船舶工程有限公司 ， 深圳518067;3. 上海董世动力机械再制造工程有限公司，上海 201518;4. 鞍山恒际金属表面工程有限公司，辽宁 鞍山 114016
摘要:
无刻蚀镀铁变革了在硫酸液中电刻蚀与电镀铁分槽进行的镀铁工艺。无刻蚀镀铁是在同一电镀槽中完成对零件交流活化—交流起镀—交流过渡镀—小直流镀—直流过渡镀—全直流镀的全过程。由无刻蚀镀铁技术获得的镀铁层质量稳定、可靠。纯铁镀层的结合强度356 MPa，含Ni、Co的合金镀铁层结合强度460 MPa，旋转弯曲疲劳极限σ-1为363.85 MPa，机车上的大型曲轴镀铁层保证期达30万公里，该技术再制造船舶、机车大型曲轴已实现规模化生产。文中综合了多年来对无刻蚀镀铁层的测试结果，探讨了无刻蚀镀铁层的电沉积机理和特点。研究认为，被镀零件表面经对称交流活化并使其处于微融活化态时，为Fe2+在基体中铁素体晶面上的择优放电沉积创造了条件；初始镀铁层的择优取向与基体相同，Fe2+在活化界面获得电子后先沿(110)晶面沉积，形成纳米等轴晶，随后转向沿 (211) 晶面沉积并形成纳米柱状晶，最终形成具有结合强度高、超细晶粒、硬度高、耐疲劳性和耐磨性好等特点的镀铁层。
关键词:  无刻蚀镀铁  电沉积  机理  微融活化态  纳米晶  综合性能
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Electrodeposition Mechanism and Comprehensive Performance of Iron Plating Without Etching
DONG Wen–zhong, DONG Wen–sheng, DONG Wen–bo, DONG Wen–xiang, DONG Yu–hua1,2,3,4
1. Dong’s Iron Plating Co.,Ltd Of Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026;2. Shenzhen Hoion Maritime Engineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518067;3. Shanghai Dong’s Power Machinery Remanufacture Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201518;4. Aanshan Heng Ji Metal Surface Engineering Co., Ltd, Anshan Liaoning 114016
Abstract:
Iron plating without etching technology is reformed from the old plating technology with electro etching in the acid solution, and it has changed the old mode of which plating procedures were processed in divided baths. Iron plating without etching technology is composed with AC activation, AC starting plating, AC transit plating, small DC plating, DC transit plating, and big DC plating, and all the procedures are processed in the same bath. With this new technology we can get stable and reliable plating quality. For pure iron plating, the bonding strength between metal matrix and plated layer could reach 356MPa, and for Fe, Ni, Co alloy plating, the bonding strength could reach 460MPa. Rotating bending fatigue limit (σ-1) reach 363.85 MPa. In practice, the iron plated layer in locomotive crankshaft journal surface which remanufactured by iron plating without etching technology could be guaranteed for at least 300 000 km running. Now, this technology has been industrialized to remanufacture marine and locomotive crankshafts, and it has gained outstanding achievements. This article is to discuss the electro-deposition mechanism and characters of iron plating without etching technology by the test results of the plated layer over these years. Studies show that when the metal matrix is in the state of slightly dissolved activation, which creates the optimum deposit condition for the Ferrum in the ferrite crystal surface, the preferred orientation of initial iron plating layer is the same as metal matrix at first, and Fe2+ in the activation interface gets electron and deposits along 110 crystal surface to forms nanometer isometric crystal, then the deposition gets along 211 crystal surface and form nanometer columnar crystals, and finally forms ultra fine crystals iron plated layer with high bonding strength, high hardness, good fatigue durability and abrasive resistance characters.
Key words:  iron plating without etching  electrodeposition  mechanism  state of slightly dissolved activation  nano crystals  comprehensive performance
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